Archive for the ‘Stainless and Heat-resisting Steels’ Category

Design for High-Temperature Applications: Part One

Monday, March 20th, 2006

Apart from nineteenth-century steam boilers, machines and equipment for high-temperature operation have been developed principally in the 20th century. Energy conversion systems based on steam turbines, gas turbines, high-performance automobile engines, and jet engines provide the technological foundation for modern society. All of these machines have in common ...

Galvanic Corrosion

Friday, March 10th, 2006

Galvanic processes occur between different metals and between different areas of the same metal in the water environment. Water is an electrolyte, a poorly conductive one at the low dissolved solids content of fresh waters, and a highly conductive one at the high dissolved solids content of sea water. When two ...

Austenitic Steels

Friday, March 10th, 2006

Some elements extend the γ-loop in the iron-carbon equilibrium diagram, e.g. nickel and manganese. When sufficient alloying element is added, it is possible to preserve the face-centered cubic austenite at room temperature, either in a stable or metastable condition. Chromium added alone to plain carbon steel ...

High-Alloy Cast Steels

Friday, March 10th, 2006

Cast high alloy steels are widely used for their corrosion resistance in aqueous media at or near room temperature and for service in hot gases and liquids at elevated and high temperatures (> 650°C). High-alloy cast steels are most often specified on the basis of composition ...

Heat-Resisting Alloys

Friday, March 10th, 2006

Heat-resisting alloys useful at temperatures above 1200oF are based on iron, on nickel and on cobalt and contain elements that form precipitates that harden the matrix after solution treating and aging. Structural stability and resistance to oxidation and corrosion at elevated temperatures are required of ...

Cast Stainless Steels

Friday, March 10th, 2006

Stainless steels are a class of chromium-containing steels widely used for their corrosion resistance in aqueous environments and for service at elevated temperatures. Stainless steels are distinguished from other steels by the enhanced corrosion and oxidation resistance created by chromium additions. Chromium imparts passivity of ferrous alloys when present ...

Steels for Cryogenic and Low-Temperature Service

Friday, March 10th, 2006

Carbon and alloy grades for low-temperature service are required to provide the high strength, ductility, and toughness in vehicles, vessels, and structures that must serve at -45�C and lower. Because a number of steels are engineered specifically for service at low temperature (about -100�C), selecting ...

Corrosion Resistance of Ferritic Stainless Steels

Friday, March 10th, 2006

Ferritic stainless steels have certain useful corrosion properties, such as resistance to chloride stress-corrosion cracking, corrosion in oxidizing aqueous media, oxidation at high temperatures and pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride media. These steels contain above approximately 13% Cr and precipitate a prime phase in 350oC to ...

Stainless steel

Friday, March 10th, 2006

The stainless steels owe their resistance to corrosion to the presence of chromium. Brearley discovered this fact more or less accidentally in 1913. Today, ...

Heat-resisting steels

Friday, March 10th, 2006

Steels are now used for a wide variety of conditions entailing heat and corrosion under both static and dynamic stresses, such as aero engine ...